E-Poster Presentation Australian Society for Microbiology Annual Scientific Meeting 2021

Molecular Characterization of the Viable but Nonculturable state of Campylobacter concisus (#270)

Syeda Umme Habiba Wahid 1 , Bronwyn Campbell 1 , Robert J Moore 1 , Taghrid Istivan 1
  1. RMIT University, Wollert, VIC, Australia

Campylobacter concisus is an emerging bacterial pathogen linked with a wide range of human diseases. The bacterium requires strict microaerobic growth conditions supplementation with hydrogen. C. concisus is classified into two genotypically divergent groups: genomospecies A (GS A) and genomospecies B (GS B). Numerous bacterial species can enter into the viable but nonculturable (VBNC) state to enable them to endure unfavourable environmental conditions. However, the VBNC state in C. concisus has not been previously investigated. In this study, we induced the VBNC state in this species under nutrient starvation conditions and then resuscitated the cells into the actively metabolizing state to investigate their morphological changes. We also developed a real-time PCR coupled with a photoactivated DNA binding dye, propidium monoazide (PMAxx-qPCR) targeting the gyrB gene for the quantitative analysis of the VBNC cells. Our results demonstrated that C. concisus ATCC 51562, a member of GS A, entered into the VBNC state in 15 days, while the ATCC 51561 strain that belongs to GS B, entered into VBNC state in just 9 days when incubated in phosphate-buffered saline at 4°C. The data also showed that PMAxx, at the final concentration of 30 µM, was able to inhibit the amplification of DNA from dead cells. Viable cell counts remained near the original level of 107 CFU/ml by PMAxx-qPCR throughout the study period, which indicated that a large population of cells was maintained in the VBNC state. Morphological analysis under epi-fluorescence and electron microscopy revealed that the VBNC cells became coccoid and significantly decreased in size. The VBNC cells could be resuscitated in nutrient-rich culture media at 37°C. The resuscitated cells showed similar morphology to the normal vegetative cells. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report on C. concisus VBNC cells and more detailed studies are warranted to explore the underlying molecular basis for the difference in the timeline for induction of VBNC in the two genomospecies.